Health Disparities

Disaggregated health data for Lao Minnesotans reveals significant disparities hidden when grouped under the broad “Asian” category. The Lao community experiences gambling addiction at 4.8× the national rate, depression at 1.5× the state average, and PTSD prevalence reflecting the lasting impact of refugee trauma.

24%

Gambling Addiction

5.3x national avg

35%

No Regular Provider

vs 10% state

28%

Depression Rate

vs 19% state

18.5%

PTSD Prevalence

3.4x national avg

Source: MDH BRFSS, Census ACS 2020-2024, Community Health Survey 2025

Health Disparities Comparison

Comparing Lao community health outcomes against state, national, and aggregated Asian averages. The disparity ratio (rightmost column) shows how many times higher the Lao rate is compared to the state average.

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024, MDH BRFSS, Community Health Survey 2025 · Lao Community Data Portal

Detailed Comparison Table

MetricLaoState AvgNationalAsian Agg.Disparity Ratio
Gambling Addiction24%5%4.5%8%4.8x
Linguistic Isolation34.8%4.5%4.2%15.2%7.7x
Depression28%19%18.5%12%1.5x
PTSD Prevalence18.5%6%5.5%5%3.1x
Diabetes14.2%10.5%10.7%9.3%1.4x
No Regular Provider35%10%12%15%3.5x
ER as Primary Care22%8%9%10%2.8x
Dental Visits <1yr28%65%62%55%0.4x

Source: MDH BRFSS, Census ACS 2020-2024 · Lao Community Data Portal

Gambling Addiction Focus

At 24%, the Lao community gambling addiction rate is 4.8 times the national average and the highest among any ethnic group in Minnesota. The rate peaked during COVID-19 (2020) at 27.5% and has shown modest improvement since, though it remains dramatically above state norms. The 35-54 age group is most affected, suggesting targeted intervention strategies for mid-career adults.

Gambling Addiction Rate Trend

Lao community vs. state average, 2018–2025

Source: MDH BRFSS, Community Health Survey 2018-2025

Gambling Addiction by Age Group

Lao community, 2025

Source: Community Health Survey 2025

Mental Health Trends

Depression, PTSD, and anxiety rates in the Lao community reflect the lasting impact of refugee trauma and ongoing socioeconomic stressors. Rates peaked during 2020 and have shown modest improvement, though they remain well above state averages.

Source: MDH BRFSS, Community Mental Health Assessment 2019-2025 · Lao Community Data Portal

Healthcare Access Barriers

No Regular Healthcare Provider3.5x state

35%

Lao community

10%

State avg

ER as Primary Care2.8x state

35%

Lao community

10%

State avg

Dental Visit in Past Year0.4x state

28%

Lao community

65%

State avg

Source: MDH BRFSS, Community Health Survey 2025 · Lao Community Data Portal